]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A Cyc collection. Each instance is a special kind of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> that exists in time and interacts over the course of time in ways that underpin controlled application of resources and internal information exchange and processing by the system as a whole in order to perform certain tasks--which often can themselves be considered as functional roles in a larger system. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>s have some of the characteristics of what James Grier Miller calls 'living systems'. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a> are all considered to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>s in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTy5O5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalRoleAnalysisMt</a>. structure FunctionalSystem structures http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-social_organization-noun-1 (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet MusicalPerformer Band-MusicGroup)) the union of { musical performer, band } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet Athlete SportsOrganization)) the union of { athlete, sports organisation } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet LegalGovernmentOrganization Politician PoliticalParty)) the union of { legal government organisation, politician, party } A collection of systems designed to mediate financial transactions. The CREST system is a prominent example from the U.K.. FinancialSettlementSystem financial settlement system computational system A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj2rJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViUcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PoweredDevice</a>. Each instance of this collection is a system used for computing purposes. It includes as specializations both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjXzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Computer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerNetwork</a>. Anything that can be said about both collections can more efficiently be stated about this collection. For example, instead of saying that system administrators maintain instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjXzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Computer</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerNetwork</a>, one can simply say that system administrators maintain instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwGq7AZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputationalSystem</a>. ComputationalSystem ecosystem Ecosystem This is the collection of ecosystems. An ecosystem is a particular region in which organisms live, together with the interrelations between these organisms and the relations between these organisms and their physical environment. the union of { ensemble, showman } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization Entertainer)) the union of { police officer, police department } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet LawEnforcementOfficer PoliceOrganization)) mortal Mortal (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet MusicPerformanceOrganization MusicalPerformer)) the union of { musical group, musical performer } A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvtDG45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SystemOfDevices</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r74KbCDO1EdyAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SatelliteNavigationSystem</a> is a range of satellites that transmit signal which allow small electronic receivers to determine their locations. navigation satellite system SatelliteNavigationSystem Organization organization The collection of all organizations. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> is a group whose group-members are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a>, certain relationships and obligations exist between the members of the organization, or between the organization and its members. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> include both informal and legally constituted organizations. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> can undertake projects, enter into agreements, own property, and do other tasks characteristic of agents; consequently, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> is a specialization of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViKppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalGovernmentOrganization</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViS05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommercialOrganization</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a>. the union of { government organisation, public official } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet GovernmentalOrganization PublicOfficial)) the union of { judge, court } (CollectionUnionFn (TheSet Judge Court-Judicial)) FixedFunctionalSystem A collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>s whose instances are characterized by the fact that their subsystems--the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>s playing functional roles within the system--play their roles invariably, to the point that any particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> can be readily identified by referring to a particular role or suite of roles. I.E., in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_YNmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FixedFunctionalSystem</a> there is for each subsystemic <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>s that is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwAC0jZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">componentInSystem_FunctionalRole</a> a role or delimited set of roles that the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a> plays all of the time and that may be said to characterize the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>. An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjE1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organism_Whole</a> is an example of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_YNmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FixedFunctionalSystem</a>. fixed functional system TMSS-TelemetryFacilityCI Telemetry Facility CI The Telemetry Facility (TMFC) component of the Modernized Telemetry Subsystem. The TMFC CI is the hardware and software necessary to provide electrical power and a suitable environment for the equipment that directly supports telemetry operations. The Modernized Telemetry Subsystem is the group of systems (including, e.g., the telemetry subsystem) supporting both the Eastern and Western ranges. The #$EasternRangeInstrumentation is a proper subsystem of the LTRS. Modernized Telemetry Subsystem LTRS-ModernizedTelemetrySubsystem TMSS-TelemetryStringControlCI Telemetry String Control CI The Telemetry String Control (TMSC) component of the Modernized Telemetry Subsystem. The TMSC CI consists of the telemetry string control and processing ands tring network switching equipment. The Telemetry Record and Playback (TMRP) component of the Modernized Telemetry Subsystem. The TMRP CI provides the capability to coherently record and play back both digital and analog data collected by the TM Sub-System. TMSS-TelemetryRecordAndPlaybackCI Telemetry Record and Playback CI Communications-ERInstrumentationSupersystem An instance of #$EasternRangeInstrumentationSupersystem. The purpose of Communications is to provide the extensive communication infrastructure required by the ER for normal operation. Eastern Range Communications Supersystem LaunchAndTestRangeSystem Launch and Test Range System The Launch and Test Range System (LTRS) is the group of systems (including, e.g., the telemetry subsystem) supporting both the Eastern and Western ranges. The #$EasternRangeInstrumentation is a proper subsystem of the LTRS. The Telemetry Designate Processing (TMPD) component of the Modernized Telemetry Subsystem. The TMDP CI is the hardware and software necessary to control how designate data is processed into pointing vectors, which in turn are used for pointing the telemetry antenna. Telemetry Designate Processing CI TMSS-TelemetryDesignateProcessingCI A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtM0npht0QdiUF94Dipp7Pg" class="cyc_term">TemporallyExistingThing</a> whose instances are more or less static, as compared (e.g.) to the more dynamic instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>. The clearest examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi255wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a>s are tangible things, such as people, lakes, stars, and the Earth's ionosphere. But <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi255wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> also includes certain intangible temporal things, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVivo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agreement</a>s and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi_0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a>s, that remain relatively stable throughout their lifetimes. On the other hand, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi255wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingExisting</a> excludes "purely temporal" intangibles such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TimeInterval</a>s. thing existing stably in time SomethingExisting seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> THING URI)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI The collection of all systems -- complex objects that decompose into simpler components that, by virtue of the relations among them, form a recognizable, cohesive whole. Notable specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9YtpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PathSystem</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>. The components of an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9Xu1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">System</a> can be identified using <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rqWixJi_fQdiDAuNReZaKSg" class="cyc_term">systemComponents</a>. System system first-order collection FirstOrderCollection An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvtppU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CollectionType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNooX_CChEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FixedOrderCollection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> is the collection of all specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> (q.v.) Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A Cyc collection. Each instance is a special kind of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> that exists in time and interacts over the course of time in ways that underpin controlled application of resources and internal information exchange and processing by the system as a whole in order to perform certain tasks--which often can themselves be considered as functional roles in a larger system. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>s have some of the characteristics of what James Grier Miller calls 'living systems'. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjl2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeopoliticalEntity</a> are all considered to be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvsWv_5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalSystem</a>s in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTy5O5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FunctionalRoleAnalysisMt</a>. structure FunctionalSystem